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(詳細はPresident of Singapore is directly elected by popular vote, were introduced through amendments to the Constitution of Singapore in 1991. Potential candidates for office have to fulfil stringent qualifications set out in the Constitution. Certificates of eligibility are issued by the Presidential Elections Committee (PEC). In particular, the PEC must assess that they are persons of integrity, good character and reputation; and if they have not previously held certain key government appointments or acted as chairman of the board of directors or chief executive officer of a company incorporated or registered under the with a paid-up capital of at least S$100 million, they must demonstrate to the PEC that they held a position of comparable seniority and responsibility in the public or private sector that has given them experience and ability in administering and managing financial affairs. The strictness of these qualifications led to the 1999 and 2005 elections being walkovers as only one candidate, S.R. Nathan, received a certificate of eligibility from the PEC. The stringent criteria, the transparency of the PEC's decision-making process and the practice of political parties endorsing candidates have drawn criticism. The office of President falls vacant upon the expiry of the incumbent's six-year term or if the President is for some reason unable to complete his term; for example, due to death, resignation or removal from office for misconduct or mental or physical infirmity. If the office of President becomes vacant before the incumbent's term expires, a poll for an election must be held within six months. In other cases, an election can take place any time from three months before the expiry of the incumbent's term of office. The procedure for elections is laid out in the . The process begins when the Prime Minister issues a writ of election to the returning officer specifying the date and place of nomination day. Potential candidates must then obtain certificates of eligibility from the PEC, obtain political donation certificates from the Registrar of Political Donations stating that they have complied with the and file their nomination papers with and pay a deposit to the returning officer on nomination day. If there is only one candidate nominated, he is declared to have been elected President. Otherwise, the returning officer issues a notice of contested election specifying when polling day will be. During the election period, a candidate may not spend more than $600,000 or 30 cents for each person on the electoral register, whichever is greater. Permits must be obtained to hold election meetings and display posters and banners. A number of acts are unlawful, including bribery, dissuading electors from voting, making false statements about candidates, treating and undue influence. Legal changes introduced in 2010 made the eve of polling day a "cooling-off day" – campaigning must not take place on that day or on polling day itself. ==The Elected President scheme== The President of Singapore is the nation's head of state.〔, Article 17(1).〕 The President was originally indirectly elected by Parliament〔, Art. 17(1).〕 and had a largely ceremonial role. The Elected President scheme was instituted in 1991 through a constitutional amendment,〔Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 1991 (No. 5 of 1991), in force on 30 November 1991 except for sections 7 and 16 which came into force on 1 February 1991 and s. 3 which was not brought into force and was subsequently repealed by the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 1996 (No. 41 of 1996).〕 which transformed the office of President into one directly elected by the people. The scheme conferred additional powers on the President that enabled him to act as a safeguard or "second key" over Singapore's rich financial reserves built up by the Government.〔.〕 Additionally, the President exercises a custodial role over the integrity of the public service 〔.〕 with the power to veto public appointments and check against abuses of power by the government.〔Thio, "The Elected President", p. 109.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Presidential elections in Singapore」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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